Assessment of metal concentrations in Polymesoda expansa from Sungai Geting, Tumpat, Kelantan and associated health risk

Abstract

The spatial distribution of lead, zinc, cadmium, copper, and arsenic in Polymesoda expansa from Sungai Geting, Tumpat Kelantan were determined with inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometer, in comparison to the levels in their surrounding water body. The objectives of this research was to determine the possible health risks associated with heavy metal accumulation via consumption of Polymesoda expansa by using Target Hazard Quotient (THQ). The data indicate have associations between the concentrations of metal measured in study sampled and the levels observed at the sites. The results suggested that the concentration of arsenic in Polymesoda expansa was relatively higher than those studied elements. The concentration of arsenic in studied sample demonstrate the sources of the antropogenic inputs. In terms of risk assessment, concentrations of metals in Polymesoda expansa were significantly below the Malaysian Food Regulation 1985.