Type of Damage to Heritage Buildings in Malaysia Caused by Plants: A Comprehensive Investigation

Abstract

Plants are essentials for creating a positive environment and enhancing the aesthetics of heritage buildings' surroundings. However, the presence of plants around historical buildings can jeopardise the integrity of the structures, making them unsafe for habitation. The objective of this research is to identify in detail the types of damage caused by plants to heritage buildings. This study employs a qualitative approach and relies on observations of 112 heritage masonry buildings recognised by the National Heritage Department (JWN). The types of plants in this study include plants that grow around buildings and epiphytic plants that grow on buildings. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight registered conservators who possess extensive experience in conserving heritage buildings. The collected data was analysed to form themes of damage to buildings caused by plants. The study identified seven categories of plant-caused damage to heritage buildings, offering crucial insights for conservators, local authorities, and building owners to take preservation actions.