Comparison of quercetin yield obtained using convectional and ultrasound-assisted extraction from Chromolaena Odorata

Abstract

Chromolaena odorata is believed to have great potential in the pharmaceutical industry due to the presence of phytochemical components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolics. In this study, two extraction methods, include ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and conventional method were performed to extract an interesting phytochemical compound which was quercetin compound. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids with high anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. UAE was chosen because it was famous with giving high extraction yield at shorter extraction time compared to conventional method. In this study, the effect of UAE method and conventional method towards quercetin yield was observed and compared at different extraction times (20-60 minutes). The analysis of quercetin yield was done using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Moreover, phytochemical screening was done as preliminary study to identify the presence of quercetin in Chromolaena odorata. The phytochemical screening showed dark green colour was observed with indicated the presence of flavonoid in Chromolaena odorata. It was found that maximum quercetin yield was obtained with the extraction yield of 0.3795 ± 0.0028% at 60 min for UAE, while only 0.0668 ± 0.0006% at 60 min for the conventional method. FESEM image of UAE showed greater void and pore was observed compared to FESEM image of conventional method. These results concluded that UAE was found to be more efficient in extraction of quercetin from Chromolaena odorata compared to conventional method.