Framework: Local Nighttime Ozone Management and Prevention (LNOMP)

Abstract

Due to the absence of sunlight and lack ozone production during nighttime, ground-level ozone was labelled as a critical period for ozone depletion. This study proposed a local ozone management and implementation based on the major cause of ozone deflection in chemical reactions during nighttime. Three highlighted locations (Klang, Shah Alam and Petaling Jaya) categorized as the highest NO and NO2 production was focused on this study (urban and sub-urban area) from 2006 to 2016. The descriptive statistics (O3 and NO) with population density were analysed as an observation for proposed a new implementation system for reducing O3 during nighttime and preventing it from contributing the next day concentration. The interaction between O3 and NO concentration was explained based on diurnal analysis. The crucial time for nighttime O3 deflection was between 7 PM until 12 AM. Therefore, the local nighttime ozone management was pulled out as the nighttime O3 reduction was understandable. The framework was consisting a management policy by the federal government, state government and local authority, with a plan for nighttime implementation by local government in Malaysia.