Chapter 3: Review on Extraction Techniques of Mulberry

Abstract

Plants extracts have been used in various economic sectors such as in the food industry and processing (antioxidant, texturizer, additives), pharmaceutical and medicinal industry (preventive and/ or curative) and cosmetic industry (functional properties for beauty and well-being) (Ammar et al., 2017). The extraction process can be performed through a solid or liquid separation operation, where a solid object (the plant) brings in contact with a fluid (the solvent). In this process, the desired plant components are then solubilised within the solvent (Khaw et al., 2017). Thus, the extraction process can be defined as an operation, of the separation of one or several constituents (solid or liquid) contained in a solid object by solubilisation in a fluid (Figure 3.1). This fluid, which is generally known as a solvent, may be a liquid or a gas (water vapour or supercritical fluids).