Thermal analysis of ca1+xcu3ti4o12+x precursor in nitrogen and oxygen environment at 1000

Abstract

The thermal kinetic analyses are prepared on Ca1+xCu3Ti4O12+x powders using simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement in a dual atmospheric gases environment. Initially, the nitrogen gas flowed from room temperature to 1000 °C, and then the environment was shifted and hold for 1 hour with oxygen. The result shows that the TGA patterns of the temperature and mass loss are disorderly with x values. The mass loss % patterns slightly decreased with increased additional Ca-based element. The decreased of oxygen absorption as the values of x increased also can be explained by the reduction of single-phase CCTO structure when excess Ca ions. The DSC pattern shows two prominent endothermic peaks and two exothermic peaks that relate to the melting point of the reactant and crystalline phase changes of samples, while the significant endothermic peak at 1000 °C is corresponding to the formation of CCTO compounds as identified by XRD analysis.